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All magmas contain dissolved gases that are released both during and between eruptive episodes. Volcanic gases generally consist predominantly of steam (H2O), followed in abundance by carbon dioxide and compounds of sulfur and chlorine . Mode of action: corrosion, chemical reaction (dissolution, precipitation, oxydoreduction)
Distance d’effet : (average) 20-30 km
Speed: (average) < 15 m/s
variable effects according to the nature and of the concentration of gases
Infrastructures : premature ageing of the metal structures
On humans : irritations, burns, respiratory insufficiencies, death...
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Volcanic Risks 